Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale – Parent (SCAS-Parent)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale – Parent is completed by a parent of a child between the ages of 7 to 13.

Developer

Nauta, Scholing, Rapee, Abbott, Spence and Waters. (2004). A parent report measure of children’s anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 42 (7), 813-839.

References

Brown-Jacobsen, A. M., Wallace, D. P., & Whiteside, S. P. H. (2011). Multimethod, Multi-informant Agreement, and Positive Predictive Value in the Identification of Child Anxiety Disorders Using the SCAS and ADIS-C. Assessment, 18(3), 382-392.

Cresswell, C,. et al. (n.d.) Using the Parent SCAS t-scores. Accessed at https://www.scaswebsite.com/portfolio/scas-parent-t-scores/

Nauta, Scholing, Rapee, Abbott, Spence and Waters. (2004). A parent report measure of children’s anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 42 (7), 813-839.

Whiteside, S. P. H., Gryczkowski, M. R., Biggs, B. K., Fagen, R., & Owusu, D. (2012). Validation of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale’s obsessive compulsive subscale in a clinical and community sample. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(1), 111.

http://www.scaswebsite.com/7

Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The PSWQ is a 16-item self-report scale designed to measure the trait of worry in adults. Worry is regarded as a dominant feature of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). The scale measures the excessiveness, generality, and uncontrollable dimensions of worry.

Developer

Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990). Development and validation of the penn state worry questionnaire. Behavior Research and Therapy, 28, 487-495.

References

Brown, T. A., Antony, M. M., & Barlow, D. H. (1992). Psychometric properties of the penn state worry questionnaire in a clinical anxiety disorders sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 30(1), 33-37. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(92)90093-V.

Gillis, M.M., Haaga, D.A. and Ford, G.T. (1995) Normative values for the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Fear Questionnaire, Penn State Worry Questionnaire, and Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 7, 450-455.

Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990). Development and validation of the penn state worry questionnaire. Behavior Research and Therapy, 28, 487-495.

Turk, Fresco, Mennin & Heimberg (2001), Using The Penn State Worry Questionnaire To Distinguish Individuals With Generalized Anxiety Disorder From Individuals With Social Anxiety Disorder. Poster presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Philadelphia, PA. http://www.personal.kent.edu/~dfresco/Fresco_Papers/turk.GAD_PSWQ_ROC_AABT.pdf

Mood and Feelings Questionnaire-Self Report (MFQ-Self)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (Short Version) – Self Report(MFQ-Self) is a 13-item self-report measure assessing recent depressive symptomatology in children aged 6-17 years.

Developer

Angold, A., Costello, E. J., Messer, S. C., Pickles, A., Winder, F., & Silver, D. (1995). The development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 5, 237 – 249.

Reference

Rhew I., Simpson K., Tracy M., Lymp J., McCauley E., Tsuang D. & Stoep A.V. (2010). Criterion validity of the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire and one- and two-item depression screens in young adolescents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 4:8.

Mood and Feelings Questionnaire: Parent Report (MFQ-Parent)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (Short Version) – Parent Report (MFQ-Parent) is a 13-item measure assessing recent depressive symptomatology in children aged 6-17 years. The MFQ-Parent is parent-rated and asks the parent to report how their child has been feeling or acting in the past two weeks.

Developer

Angold, A., Costello, E. J., Messer, S. C., Pickles, A., Winder, F., & Silver, D. (1995). The development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 5, 237 – 249.

References

Rhew I., Simpson K., Tracy M., Lymp J., McCauley E., Tsuang D. & Stoep A.V. (2010). Criterion validity of the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire and one- and two-item depression screens in young adolescents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 4:8.

Thapar, A., & McGuffin, P. (1998). Validity of the shortened mood and feelings questionnaire in a community sample of children and adolescents: A preliminary research note. Psychiatry Research, 81(2), 259-268. doi:10.1016/S0165-1781(98)00073-0

Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) is used to identify the presence of “eating disorder risk” based on attitudes, feelings and behaviours related to eating. There are 26 self-report questions assessing general eating behaviour and five additional questions assessing risky behaviours. The EAT-26 can aid in the screening and diagnosis of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.

Developer

Garner, D. M., Olmsted, M. P., Bohr, Y., & Garfinkel, P. E. (1982). The eating attitudes test: Psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine, 12(4), 871-878. doi:10.1017/S0033291700049163.

Obsessional Compulsive Inventory- Revised-Parent (ChOCI-R-P)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Obsessional Compulsive Inventory-Revised-Parent (ChOCI-R-P) is a 32-item measure assessing the presence and severity of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents aged 7-17 years.

Developer

Uher, R., Heyman, I., Turner, C. M., & Shafran, R. (2008). Self-, parent-report and interview measures of obsessive–compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(6), 979-990. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.10.001

Reference

Uher, R., Heyman, I., Turner, C. M., & Shafran, R. (2008). Self-, parent-report and interview measures of obsessive–compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(6), 979-990. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.10.001

Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The ASSQ is a 27 question assessment filled in by parents or teachers of children or adolescents (6 to 17 years of age). It is designed to be an initial screen for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) especially in those with high or normal IQ, or those with only mild intellectual disability.

Developer

Ehlers, S., Gillberg, C., & Wing, L. (1999). A screening questionnaire for Asperger syndrome and other high-functioning autism spectrum disorders in school age children. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 29(2), 129-141.

Depression Anxiety Stress Scales – Long Form (DASS-42)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The DASS-42 is a 42 item self-report scale designed to measure the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress. It is the long version of the DASS-21. It is a useful tool for routine outcome monitoring and can be used to assess the level of treatment response.

 

Developer

Lovibond, S.H.; Lovibond, P.F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychology Foundation (Available from The Psychology Foundation, Room 1005 Mathews Building, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia

References

DASS-42 manual at http://www2.psy.unsw.edu.au/groups/dass/order.htm

Depression Anxiety Stress Scales – Short Form (DASS-21)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales – 21 (DASS-21) is 21-item self-report measure designed to assess the severity of general psychological distress and symptoms related to depression, anxiety, and stress in adults older adolescents (17 years +).

Developer

Lovibond, S.H.; Lovibond, P.F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychology Foundation (Available from The Psychology Foundation, Room 1005 Mathews Building, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia. 

For full interpretive information please purchase the DASS manual at http://www2.psy.unsw.edu.au/groups/dass/order.htm

References

Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10(2), 176–181. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.176

Brown, T. A., Chorpita, B. F., Korotitsch, W., & Barlow, D. H. (1997). Psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in clinical samples. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35(1), 79–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00068-x

Henry, J. D., & Crawford, J. R. (2005). The short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(2), 227–239. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466505X29657

Jacobson, N., & Truax, P. (1991). Clinical significance: a statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59(1), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006X.59.1.12

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a short 10-item self report questionnaire designed to identify mothers at risk for prenatal and and postnatal depression. Postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing and rates of help-seeking for postnatal depression are generally low, making screening important.

Developer

Cox, J.L., Holden, J.M., and Sagovsky, R. 1987. Detection of postnatal depression:
Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. British Journal of Psychiatry 150:782-786

Reference

Milgrom, J., Ericksen, J., Negri, L., & Glemmil, A. (2011). Screening for postnatal depression in routine primary care: Properties of the EPDS in an Australian sample. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 39, 833-839.

How to send out an anonymous client satisfaction survey?

How to send out an anonymous client satisfaction survey?

If you want to send out a mass email survey to clients and maintain anonymity, you can use Dummy Client.

You can obtain the URL link via Dummy Client and copy paste the link into your email inbox and send (eg. bcc) to your selected group of clients.

1. Go to Clients
2. Select Dummy Client
3. Click on Email

 

4.  Select the Client Satisfaction Survey (CSS)

5. Click on Copy URL to obtain link

2. All responses completed will be unnamed and returned to Dummy Client.

Post-Administration

1. Each response completed will show up as a separate line item under Past Results. You can then click on it as below to view the results.

2. Alternatively, if you’ve set your preferences to receive email results as a pdf attachment, you would be able to receive each survey as they get completed in your inbox.

How to edit a client?

How to edit a client?

Being able to edit client details after creation will assist with new contact details as needed. The following steps will take you through how to update this information.

1. Go to Clients

2. Select your client

3. Click on Edit Client on the top right hand corner

4. From here you can edit your client’s Name, Email, DOB, gender and practitioner the client is assigned to.

5. Once done, click Save on the bottom right hand corner

How do I log out of my account?

How do I log out of my account?

From the homepage of your account, the Log out button will be on the top right corner of your screen.

Do I need the internet to use NovoPsych?

Do I need the internet to use NovoPsych?

NovoPsych will require the internet. This is needed for both the iPad app and WebApp (includes web browsers for Android tablets) to function.

The WebApp and iPad app are most compatible with certain devices and browsers. To find this information regarding compatibility, please see here

Flourishing Scale (FS)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Flourishing Scale is a brief 8-item measure of the respondent’s self-perceived success in important areas of life such as relationships, self-esteem, purpose, and optimism.

Developer

Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi. D., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2009). New measures of well-being: Flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 39, 247-266 Please visit: http://internal.psychology.illinois.edu/~ediener/FS.html

References

Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social indicators research, 46(2), 137-155.

Experience in Close Relationship Scale – Short Form (ECR-S)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Experience in Close Relationship Scale (ECR-S) is a 12 item self-report adult attachment style questionnaire focussed on close relationships. Based on Ainsworth’s infant attachment styles literature, this scale measures maladaptive attachment in adulthoods who are in a romantic relationship.

Developer

Wei, M., Russell, D. W., Mallinckrodt, B., & Vogel, D. L. (2007). The experiences in Close Relationship Scale (ECR)-Short Form: Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 88, 187-204. 

References

Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson &W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46–76). New York: Guilford.

Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) is a brief measure for symptoms of anxiety, based on the generalised anxiety disorder diagnostic criteria described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The GAD-7 assessment asks patients to evaluate their level of symptoms over the last two weeks. When administered on multiple occasion at the start, middle and end of treatment, responses can be used to track treatment progress over time.

Developer

Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of internal medicine166(10), 1092-1097.

References

Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB, et al; Anxiety disorders in primary care: prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection. Ann Intern Med. 2007:146(5):317-25.

Löwe, B., Decker, O., Müller, S., Brähler, E., Schellberg, D., Herzog, W., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2008). Validation and standardization of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) in the general population. Medical care, 46(3), 266.

Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) is a 10-item questionnaire developed to assess the confidence people with ongoing pain have in performing activities while in pain. The PSEQ is applicable to all persisting pain presentation. It enquires into the level of self-efficacy regarding a range of functions, including household chores, socialising, work, as well as coping with pain without medication.

Developer

Nicholas, M. K. (2007). The pain self-efficacy questionnaire: Taking pain into account. European Journal of Pain, 11(2), 153-163.

References

Vong, S. K. S., Cheing, G. L. Y., Chan, C. C. H., Chan, F. & Leung, A. S. L. (2009). Measurement structure of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain. Clinical Rehabilitation 23, 1034-1043.

Adams, J. H., & de C Williams, A. C. (2003). What affects return to work for graduates of a pain management program with chronic upper limb pain?. Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 13(2), 91-106.

Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI) is a 10 question self-report scale that measures the cognitive and behavioural aspects of body image anxiety in general, and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in particular. Appropriate for use with adults and adolescents as young as thirteen, the brief nature of the AAI can provide a quick snapshot of symptom severity to assist in the initial assessment and to monitor treatment progress over time. 

Developer:

Veale, D., Eshkevaria, E., Kanakama, N., Ellisona, N., Costa, A., and Werner, T. (2014). The Appearance Anxiety Inventory: Validation of a Process Measure in the Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 42, 605-616. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1352465813000556

References:

Gumpert, M., Rautio, D., Monzani, B., Jassi, A., Krebs, G., Fernández de la Cruz, L., Mataix-Cols, D., & Jansson-Fröjmark, M. (2024). Psychometric evaluation of the appearance anxiety inventory in adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2023.2299837

Hanley, S. M., Bhullar, N., & Wootton, B. M. (2020). Development and initial validation of the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Scale for Youth. The Clinical Psychologist, 24(3), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.1111/cp.12225

Jacobson, N. S., & Truax, P. (1991). Clinical significance : A statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59(1), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1037/10109-042

Mastro, S., Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Webb, H. J., Farrell, L., & Waters, A. (2016). Young adolescents’ appearance anxiety and body dysmorphic symptoms: Social problems, self-perceptions and comorbidities. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 8, 50–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2015.12.001

Roberts, C. L. (2019). Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Adolescents: A New Multidimensional Measure and Associations with Social Risk, Mindfulness, and Self-Compassion [PhD Thesis, Griffith University]. Griffith University Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.25904/1912/551 

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The AUDIT is a 12 question self-report screening questionnaire designed to measure harmful alcohol use. This includes the 10 standard questions of the AUDIT and this version includes 2 optional questions at the end to determine self-identified problem drinking and self-perceived difficulty in stopping drinking. 

Developer:

Saunders, J.B., Aasland, O.G., Babor, T.F., de la Fuente, J.R. and Grant, M. Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption. II. Addiction, 88, 791-804,
1993.

Saunders, J.B., Aasland, O.G., Amundsen, A. and Grant, M. Alcohol consumption and related problems among primary health care patients: WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption I. Addiction, 88, 349-362, 1993.

References:

Miller, W.R., Zweben, A., DiClemente, C.C. and Rychtarik, R.G. Motivational enhancement therapy manual: A clinical research guide for therapists treating individuals with alcohol abuse and dependence. Project MATCH Monograph Series, Vol. 2. Rockville MD: NIAAA, 1992.

Bush, K., Kivlahan, D., Mcdonell, M., Pihn, S., Bradley, K., The AUDIT Alcohol Consumption Questions (AUDIT-C): An Effective Brief Screening Test for Problem Drinking, Arch Intern Med, 1998;158(16):1789-1795

Hays, R., Merz, J., Response burden, reliability, and validity of the Cage, Short MAST, and AUDIT alcohol screening measures, Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 1995, 27 (2), 277-280.

Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (CORE-OM)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The CORE Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) is a self-report measure of psychological distress designed to be administered during a course of treatment to determine treatment response. The broad spectrum nature of the measure means it captures a wide variety of problems associated with mental health difficulties, beyond typical symptom measures. 

Developer

Evans C, Connell J, Barkham M, Margison F, McGrath G, Mellor-Clark J, Audin K. Towards a standardised brief outcome measure: psychometric properties and utility of the CORE-OM. Br J Psychiatry. 2002 Jan;180:51-60.

References

Evans C, Connell J, Barkham M, Margison F, McGrath G, Mellor-Clark J, Audin K. Towards a standardised brief outcome measure: psychometric properties and utility of the CORE-OM. Br J Psychiatry. 2002 Jan;180:51-60.

Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-R) is a 20 item self-report questionnaire used to measure symptoms of depression, and is particularly useful for tracking symptoms over time.

Developer:

Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement. 1977;1:385-401.

Eaton WW, Muntaner C, Smith C, Tien A, Ybarra M. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: Review and revision (CESD and CESD-R). In: Maruish ME, ed. The Use of Psychological Testing for Treatment Planning and Outcomes Assessment. 3rd ed. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 2004:363-377.

References:

Van Dam, N. T., & Earleywine, M. (2011). Validation of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale—Revised (CESD-R): Pragmatic depression assessment in the general population. Psychiatry Research, 186(1), 128-132.

The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) is a psychological screening tool designed to identify adults with significant levels of psychological distress. It is widely used in Australia and often used in primary care settings to identify people with clinically significant psychological distress.

Developer

Kessler, R.C., Andrews, G., Colpe, .et al (2002) Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine, 32, 959-956

References

Andrews, G., & Slade, T. (2001). Interpreting scores on the Kessler psychological distress scale (K10). Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 25(6), 494-497.

Brooks, R. T., Beard, J., & Steel, Z. (2006). Factor structure and interpretation of the K10. Psychological assessment, 18(1), 62.

Slade, T., Grove, R., & Burgess, P. (2011). Kessler psychological distress scale: normative data from the 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 45(4), 308-316.

Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Brief-COPE is a 28 item self-report questionnaire designed to measure effective and ineffective ways to cope with a stressful life event. “Coping” is defined broadly as an effort used to minimise distress associated with negative life experiences.

Developer

Carver, C. S. (1997). You want to measure coping but your protocol is too long: Consider the brief cope. International journal of behavioral medicine, 4(1), 92-100.

References

Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989). Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. Journal of personality and social psychology, 56(2), 267. 

Dias,  C.,  Cruz,  J.  F.,  and  Fonseca,  A.  M.  (2012).  The  relationship  between multidimensional  competitive  anxiety,  cognitive  threat  appraisal,  and  coping strategies: A multi-sport study. Int. J. Sport Exerc. Psychol.10, 52–65. doi: 10.1080/1612197X.2012.645131

Hegarty, D., Buchanan, B. ( 2021, June 25).  The Value of NovoPsych Data – New Norms for the Brief-COPE. NovoPsych. https://novopsych.com.au/news/the-value-of-novopsych-data-new-norms-for-the-brief-cope/

Eisenberg, S. A., Shen, B. J., Schwarz, E. R., & Mallon, S. (2012). Avoidant coping moderates the association between anxiety and patient-rated physical functioning in heart failure patients. Journal of behavioral medicine, 35(3), 253-261.

Poulus, D., Coulter, T. J., Trotter, M. G., & Polman, R. (2020). Stress and Coping in Esports and the Influence of Mental Toughness. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 628. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00628

Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) is a 20 item self-report questionnaire for young people between the ages of 6 and 17.

Developer:

Weissman, M. M., Orvaschel, H., & Padian, N. (1980). Children’s Symptom and Social Functioning Self-Report Scales Comparison of Mothers’ and Children’s Reports. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 168(12), 736-740.

References:

Faulstich, M. E., Carey, M. P., Ruggiero, L., Enyart, P., & Gresham, F. (1986). Assessment of depression in childhood and adolescence: An evaluation of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC). The American journal of psychiatry.

Fendrich, M., Weissman, M. M., & Warner, V. (1990). Screening for depressive disorder in children and adolescents: validating the center for epidemiologic studees depression scale for children. American Journal of Epidemiology, 131(3), 538-551.

The Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R) was designed as a measure of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and is a short, easily administered self-report questionnaire. It can be used for repeated measurements over time to monitor progress and is best used for recent and specific traumatic events.

Developer

Weiss, D.S., & Marmar, C.R. (1997). The Impact of Event Scale-Revised. In J.P. Wilson, & T.M. Keane (Eds.), Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD: A Practitioner’s Handbook (pp. 399-411). New York: Guilford Press.The original Impact of events Scale (IES) was developed in the 1980s

Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The RSES measures self-esteem using ten items answered on a four-point Likert-type scale — from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The RSES is one of the most widely used measures of self-esteem (Sinclair et al., 2010). Self-esteem is not a unitary construct and has been divided equally to measure two 5-item facets; self-competence and self-liking.

Developer

Rosenberg, M. (1965). Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Measures Package, 61.

References

Sinclair SJ; Blais MA; Gansler DA; Sandberg E; Bistis K; LoCicero A. Psychometric properties of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: overall and across demographic groups living within the United States. Eval Health Prof;33(1):56-80, 2010

Schmitt, D. P., & Allik, J. (2005). Simultaneous administration of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in 53 nations: exploring the universal and culture-specific features of global self-esteem. Journal of personality and social psychology, 89(4), 623.

Crocker, J., & Park, L. E. (2004). The costly pursuit of self-esteem. Psychological Bulletin; Psychological Bulletin, 130(3), 392.

Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? Psychological science in the public interest, 4(1), 1-44.

Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation 10 (CORE-10)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The CORE-10 is a short 10 item easy-to-use assessment measure for common presentations of psychological distress, designed to be used for screening as well as over the course of treatment to track progress.

Developer

Barkham, M., Bewick, B., Mullin, T., Gilbody, S., Connell, J., Cahill, J., … & Evans, C. (2013). The CORE-10: A short measure of psychological distress for routine use in the psychological therapies. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 13(1), 3-13.

References

Barkham, M., Bewick, B., Mullin, T., Gilbody, S., Connell, J., Cahill, J., … & Evans, C. (2013). The CORE-10: A short measure of psychological distress for routine use in the psychological therapies. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 13(1), 3-13.

CORE-10 Manual (2019). https://www.corc.uk.net/media/2311/perinatal-roms-manual-a4-final-print-december-2019.pdf

Agnew Relationship Measure – 5 (ARM-5)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The ARM-5 is widely used by clinicians engaging in Feedback Informed Treatment  and is designed to be used used close to the end of a therapy session at regular intervals (either every session, 2nd session or every 3rd session).

The scale is the 5-item version of the Agnew Relationship Measure (ARM; Agnew, Davies, Stiles, Hardy, Barkham, & Shapiro, 1998), and is a self-report measure designed to assess the client-therapist alliance.

Developer:

Jane Cahill , William B. Stiles , Michael Barkham , Gillian E. Hardy , Gregory Stone , Roxane Agnew-Davies & Gisela Unsworth (2012) Two short forms of the Agnew Relationship Measure: The ARM-5 and ARM-12, Psychotherapy Research, 22:3, 241-255, DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2011.643253

References:

Agnew‐Davies, R., Stiles, W. B., Hardy, G. E., Barkham, M., & Shapiro, D. A. (1998). Alliance structure assessed by the Agnew Relationship Measure (ARM). British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37(2), 155-172.

Bouchard, D, Assessment of the Therapeutic Alliance Scales: A Reliability and Validity Evaluation, School of Psychology, University of Ottawa. 2018.

Jane Cahill , William B. Stiles , Michael Barkham , Gillian E. Hardy , Gregory Stone , Roxane Agnew-Davies & Gisela Unsworth (2012) Two short forms of the Agnew Relationship Measure: The ARM-5 and ARM-12, Psychotherapy Research, 22:3, 241-255, DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2011.643253

NovoPsych blog post by Dr Ben Buchanan (25 May 2020). Feedback Informed Treatment: Why Measure Therapeutic Alliance.

Valuing Questionnaire (VQ)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Valuing Questionnaire (VQ: Smout et al. 2014) is a 10-item self-report scale designed to measure how consistently an individual has been living with their self-determined values and is particularly helpful when administered during a course of ACT.

Developer

Smout, M., Davies, M., Burns, N., & Christie, A. (2014). Development of the valuing questionnaire (VQ). Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 3(3), 164-172.

PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) is a 20-item self-report measure of the twenty DSM-5 symptoms of PTSD in adult populations (ages 18+). It is designed for use with people who have experienced traumatic events. 

Developer

Weathers, F.W., Litz, B.T., Keane, T.M., Palmieri, P.A., Marx, B.P., & Schnurr, P.P. (2013).The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Scale available from the National Center for PTSD at www.ptsd.va.gov.

References

Bovin MJ, Marx BP, Weathers FW, Gallagher MW, Rodriguez P, Schnurr PP, Keane TM. Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (PCL-5) in veterans. Psychol Assess. 2016 Nov;28(11):1379-1391. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000254

Forkus, S. R., Raudales, A. M., Rafiuddin, H. S., Weiss, N. H., Messman, B. A., & Contractor, A. A. (2023). The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5: A Systematic Review of Existing Psychometric Evidence. Clinical Psychology: A Publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association, 30(1), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.1037/cps0000111

Fung, H. W., Chan, C., Lee, C. Y., & Ross, C. A. (2019). Using the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5 to Screen for PTSD in the Chinese Context: A Pilot Study in a Psychiatric Sample. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 16(6), 643–651. https://doi.org/10.1080/26408066.2019.1676858

Krüger-Gottschalk, A., Knaevelsrud, C., Rau, H., Dyer, A., Schäfer, I., Schellong, J., & Ehring, T. (2017). The German version of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): psychometric properties and diagnostic utility. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 379. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1541-6

Renyer, D. (2016). Non-clinical normative data for ptsd checklist-5 (pcl-5) [PhD Thesis, Pacific University]. https://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/1204

Rosendahl, J., Kisyova, H., Gawlytta, R., & Scherag, A. (2019). Comparative validation of three screening instruments for posttraumatic stress disorder after intensive care. Journal of Critical Care, 53, 149–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2019.06.016

Opioid Risk Tool (ORT)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Opioid Risk Tool (ORT) is a brief, self-report or clinician rated screening tool designed for use with adult patients in primary care settings to assess risk for opioid abuse among individuals prescribed opioids for treatment of chronic pain. Patients categorized as high-risk are at increased likelihood of future abusive drug-related behaviours. This tool is best administered to patients upon an initial visit prior to beginning opioid therapy, and can inform the risk/benefit decisions around prescribing opioid medication.

Developer

Webster LR. Predicting aberrant behaviors in opioid-treated patients: Preliminary validation of the opioid risk tool. Pain Medicine. 2005;6(6):432-442. Used with permission.

Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is an instrument measuring emotion regulation problems. The 36 items self-report scale asks respondents how they relate to their emotions in order to produce scores on the following subscales.

  1. Nonacceptance of emotional responses
  2. Difficulty engaging in goal-directed behaviour
  3. Impulse control difficulties
  4. Lack of emotional awareness
  5. Limited access to emotion regulation strategies
  6. Lack of emotional clarity

Developer

Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment, 26(1), 41-54.

References

Hallion, L. S., Steinman, S. A., Tolin, D. F., & Diefenbach, G. J. (2018). Psychometric properties of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and its short forms in adults with emotional disorders. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 539.

Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) is a self report scale that measures the severity of panic attacks and panic disorder symptoms. It is appropriate for use with adolescents (13+) and adults.

Developer

Shear, M.K., Brown, T.A., Barlow, D.H., Money, R., Sholomskas, D.E., Woods, S.W., Gorman, J.M., Papp, L.A. (1997). Multicenter collaborative Panic Disorder Severity Scale. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 1571-1575.

References

Shear MK, Brown TA, Barlow DH, Money R, Sholomskas DE, Woods SW, Gorman JM, Papp LA. Multicenter collaborative Panic Disorder Severity Scale. American Journal of Psychiatry 1997;154:1571-1575

Houck, P. R., Spiegel, D. A., Shear, M. K., & Rucci, P. (2002). Reliability of the self-report version of the panic disorder severity scale. Depression and Anxiety, 15(4), 183-185.

Wuyek LA, Antony MM, McCabe RE. Psychometric properties of the panic disorder severity scale: clinician administered and self report versions. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy. 2011;18(3):234-243.

Patient Health Questionnaire – Depression (PHQ-9)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The PHQ-9 is the nine item depression subscale of the Patient Health Questionnaire, and is a widely used tool for assisting primary care clinicians in diagnosing depression as well as monitoring treatment.

Developer

Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001). The PHQ‐9. Journal of general internal medicine, 16(9), 606-613.

Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS) is a 28 item true/false scale that measures measures aspects of social anxiety including distress, discomfort, fear and avoidance.

Social avoidance is defined as the desire to escape or actually avoiding being with, talking to, or interacting with others for any reason.

Developer

Watson, D., & Friend, R. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology; Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33(4), 448.

Reference

Geist and Hamrick, (1983) Journal of Clinical Psychology, September. 1983, Vol. 39, No. 5

Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK)

Dr Ben Buchanan

The TSK is a 17-item self report checklist using a 4-point Likert scale that was developed as a measure of fear of movement or (re)injury.

Developer

The original Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) was developed by R. Miller, S. Kopri, and D. Todd, in 1991. This represents a modified version.

References

Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Kole-Snijders, A. M. J., Boeren, R. G. B., & Van Eek, H. (1995). Fear of movement/(re) injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance. Pain, 62(3), 363-372.

Burwinkle, T., Robinson, J. P., & Turk, D. C. (2005). Fear of movement: factor structure of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. The Journal of Pain, 6(6), 384-391.

Lundberg, M. K. E., Styf, J., & Carlsson, S. G. (2004). A psychometric evaluation of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-from a physiotherapeutic perspective. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 20(2), 121-133.

Roelofs, J., Goubert, L., Peters, M. L., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., & Crombez, G. (2004). The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia: further examination of psychometric properties in patients with chronic low back pain and fibromyalgia. European Journal of Pain, 8(5), 495-502.